最近搞了一阵12306，打码的问题就不说了，那个现在已经有很多解决方法了，说说比较有趣的js动态密码。这是我给起的名字，不知道人家原本叫什么。大概的过程就是，在登录前，需要先获得一串动态加密串，与登录请求和验证码结果一起提交，相当于多加了一层终端用户看不见的保护。目的很明确，给我们这些想写个段子自动出票的人设置障碍。其实我感觉，12306是想实现类似客户端证书那样的密钥机制，不过遗憾的是，因为单纯网页机制造成的，只能在js上作文章。12306也是满拼的，搞出一个动态js，不过遗憾的是，所谓动态，只是js文件名和密钥本身是动态变化的，js里的代码是一尘不变的。好了，你懂得了。下面来看代码，我是用python重写了一下js加密的部分，生产系统对并发要求很高，所以用urllib3实现http链接，因为这个module支持线程重入。下面只给出获得动态js、分析得出动态密码的部分。其他的吗？登录、打码、出票？自己去分析http交互吧，那些都是体力活儿了。（推荐下，fiddler2是个不二的工具）
httphelper3.py[python] view plaincopy
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
#
import socket, urllib, urllib3
import dynamicJS
# 返回结果
E_OK = 0
E_QUERY = -1
E_DATA = -2
#
# ----------------- define about connection ---------------------------------------------
#
CONN_TIMEOUT = 180
socket.setdefaulttimeout(CONN_TIMEOUT)
urllib3.disable_warnings()
# cookie pool
cookie_pool = {}
# connection pool
conn_pool = {}
user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2062.124 Safari/537.36'
#
# ----------------- HTTP GET/POST & Cookie ---------------------------------------------
#
def new_cookie(pool_id, name, value): # 添加新cookie
global cookie_pool
if cookie_pool.has_key(pool_id):
cookie_pool[pool_id][name] = value
else:
cookie_pool[pool_id] = { name : value }
def get_cookie(pool_id):
if cookie_pool.has_key(pool_id):
return cookie_pool[pool_id]
else:
return {}
def set_cookie(pool_id, c):
global cookie_pool
if c==None:
cookie_pool[pool_id]={}
else:
cookie_pool[pool_id]=c
def clear_cookie(pool_id):
set_cookie(pool_id, None)
def remove_session_cookie(pool_id):
global cookie_pool
if cookie_pool.has_key(pool_id):
cookie_pool[pool_id].pop('BIGipServerotn', None)
cookie_pool[pool_id].pop('JSESSIONID', None)
def new_pool(pool_id):
global conn_pool
pool = urllib3.PoolManager(num_pools=50, timeout=CONN_TIMEOUT, retries=False)
conn_pool[pool_id]=pool
return pool
def get_pool(pool_id):
if conn_pool.has_key(pool_id):
return conn_pool[pool_id]
else:
print 'get_pool(): %s not found!' % pool_id
return None
def set_todo(pool_id, new_cookie=None):
# 添加链接，如果不存在
if not conn_pool.has_key(pool_id):
new_pool(pool_id)
# 设置 cookie
set_cookie(pool_id, new_cookie)
print 'set_todo(): %s - %s' % (pool_id, conn_pool[pool_id].proxy.host)
return get_pool(pool_id)
def close_pool(pool_id):
global conn_pool
# 清除连接
if conn_pool.has_key(pool_id):
conn_pool.pop(pool_id, None)
# 清除cookie
clear_cookie(pool_id)
def http_header(pool_id, host=None, origin=None, refer=None, more=None, isPOST=True):
header={}
header['Connection'] = 'keep-alive'
header['Accept'] = '*/*'
header['Accept-Language'] = 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8'
header['Accept-Encoding'] = 'gzip,deflate'
header['User-Agent'] = user_agent
if isPOST:
header['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'
if more!=None:
for h in more:
header[h[0]] = h[1]
if host!=None:
header['Host'] = host
if origin!=None:
header['Origin'] = origin
if refer!=None:
header['Referer'] = refer
if len(cookie_pool[pool_id])>0:
header['Cookie'] = '; '.join('%s=%s' % (k,v) for (k,v) in cookie_pool[pool_id].items())
return header
def http_do_request(pool_id, method, url, header, body=None):
#print body
try:
pool = get_pool(pool_id)
#print pool, method, url, header
r = pool.urlopen(method, url, headers=header, body=body)
# 处理 set-cookie
if 'set-cookie' in r.headers.keys():
global cookie_pool
l = r.headers['set-cookie'].split(',')
for i in l:
t = i.split(';')[0].split('=')
if len(t)==2:
# cookie变量里有逗号！！！ 要避免！
cookie_pool[pool_id][t[0].strip()] = t[1].strip()
if r.status<500: #r.status==200 or r.status==405:
return r.data
else:
print 'HTTP ERROR: ', r.status, url
return None
except Exception,e:
print '%s: %s (%s)' % (type(e), e, url)
return None
def http_get(pool_id, url, host=None, origin=None, refer=None, more=None): #
# GET
print url
header = http_header(pool_id, host, origin, refer, more, isPOST=False)
return http_do_request(pool_id, 'GET', url, header)
def http_post(pool_id, url, para, host=None, origin=None, refer=None, more=None, json=True): # para 是字典格式的参数(json=False)
# POST
if json:
data = para
else:
data = '&'.join(['%s=%s' % (str(k),str(v)) if v!=None else str(k) for (k,v) in para.items()])
print url
print para
header = http_header(pool_id, host, origin, refer, more)
header['X-Requested-With'] = 'XMLHttpRequest'
return http_do_request(pool_id, 'POST', url, header, data)
#
# --------------- API to 12306 --------------------------------------------------
#
# 返回变量赋值中的值，类似"var abc={'a':1}"
find_start={}
def get_content(pool_id, whole_str, var_name, end_char=';', split_char='=', add_head='', add_tail='', need_replace=False, no_eval=False):
global find_start
b = whole_str.find(var_name)
if b==-1:
print 'get_content() fail: var_name = %s' % var_name
return None
c=whole_str[b:].find(end_char)
if c==-1:
print 'get_content() fail: var_name = %s, end_char = %s' % (var_name, end_char)
return None
d=whole_str[b:b+c].split(split_char)
find_start[pool_id] = b+c
if len(d)!=2:
print whole_str[b:b+c]
print 'get_content() fail: var_name = %s, split_char = %s' % (var_name, split_char)
return None
e=add_head+d[1]+add_tail
if no_eval: # 对字符串，可不是用eval
return e[1:-1]
try:
if need_replace:
return eval(e.replace('null','None').replace('true','True').replace('false','False'))
else:
return eval(e)
except SyntaxError:
print 'get_content() SyntaxError: var_name = %s, d = %s' % (var_name, str(d))
return None
# 取得动态加密参数
# 0 - login
# 1 - leftTicket
#
page_url = [
{
'url' : '
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init',
'host' : '
kyfw.12306.cn',
'refer' : '
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/' },
{
'url' : '
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init',
'host' : '
kyfw.12306.cn',
'refer' : '
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/init' },
]
def get_dynamic_key_from_js(pool_id, js_url, submit_token=None):
# GET 取得动态js
print 'get_dynamic_key_from_js(%s)' % js_url
data = http_get(pool_id, '
https://kyfw.12306.cn'+js_url, host='
kyfw.12306.cn', refer='
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init')
if data==None:
return (E_QUERY, 'query no return from js')
ready_start = data.find('ready(function()')
if ready_start==-1:
return (E_DATA, 'ready function not found')
js_url0 = get_content(pool_id, data[ready_start:], 'url :\'/otn/dynamicJs/', split_char=':', end_char=',', no_eval=True)
if js_url0!=None:
print js_url0
if submit_token==None:
http_post(pool_id, '
https://kyfw.12306.cn'+js_url0, None,
host='
kyfw.12306.cn', refer='
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init',
more=[('Content-Length', '0')])
else:
http_post(pool_id, '
https://kyfw.12306.cn'+js_url0, '_json_att=&REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN=%s' % submit_token,
host='
kyfw.12306.cn', refer='
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc')
key = get_content(pool_id, data, 'function gc(){', end_char=';', no_eval=True)
#print key
if key==None:
return (E_DATA, 'key not found')
else:
return ( E_OK, ( key, urllib.quote_plus(dynamicJS.encrypt1('1111', key)) ) )
def get_dynamic_key(pool_id, page):
# GET
print 'get_dynamic_key(%d)' % page
# 取得动态js的url
data = http_get(pool_id, page_url[page]['url'], host=page_url[page]['host'], refer=page_url[page]['refer'])
if data==None:
return (E_QUERY, 'query no return')
js_url = get_content(pool_id, data, 'src="/otn/dynamicJs', end_char=' type', no_eval=True)
#print js_url
if js_url==None:
return (E_DATA, 'dynamic JS not found')
else:
return get_dynamic_key_from_js(pool_id, js_url)
dynamicJS.py[python] view plaincopy
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
import math, urllib
def bin216(s1):
s=str(s1)
o = ''
for i in xrange(len(s)):
b = ord(s[i])
n = '%02x' % b
o += n
return o
delta = 0x9E3779B8;
def longArrayToString(data, includeLength):
length = len(data)
n = (length - 1) << 2
if includeLength:
m = data[length - 1];
if (m < n - 3) or (m > n):
return None;
n = m;
for i in xrange(length):
# 无符号右移 js: -1 >>> 1， python: (-1 & 0xffffffff) >> 1
data[i] = chr(data[i] & 0xff) \
+ chr((data[i] & 0xffffffff) >> 8 & 0xff) \
+ chr((data[i] & 0xffffffff) >> 16 & 0xff) \
+ chr((data[i] & 0xffffffff) >> 24 & 0xff)
if includeLength:
return ''.join(x for x in data)[0:n]
else:
return ''.join(x for x in data)
def stringToLongArray(string1, includeLength):
length = len(string1)
result = []
for i in xrange(0,length,4):
result.append(ord(string1[i]) \
| ord(string1[i + 1]) << 8 \
| ord(string1[i + 2]) << 16 \
| ord(string1[i + 3]) << 24)
if includeLength:
result.append(length)
return result
def encrypt(string1, key):
if string1 == '':
return ''
v = stringToLongArray(string1, True);
k = stringToLongArray(key, False);
if len(k) < 4:
k += [0]*(4-len(k)) # 填充 0
n = len(v) - 1;
z = v[n]
y = v[0]
q = int(math.floor(6 + 52 / (n + 1)))
sum1 = 0;
while 0 < q:
q -= 1
sum1 = sum1 + delta & 0xffffffff
e = (sum1 & 0xffffffff) >> 2 & 3
for p in xrange(n):
y = v[p + 1]
mx = ((z & 0xffffffff) >> 5 ^ y << 2) \
+ ((y & 0xffffffff) >> 3 ^ z << 4) ^ (sum1 ^ y) \
+ (k[p & 3 ^ e] ^ z)
z = v[p] = v[p] + mx & 0xffffffff;
p += 1
y = v[0]
mx = ((z & 0xffffffff) >> 5 ^ y << 2) \
+ ((y & 0xffffffff) >> 3 ^ z << 4) ^ (sum1 ^ y) \
+ (k[p & 3 ^ e] ^ z)
z = v[n] = v[n] + mx & 0xffffffff
return longArrayToString(v, False)
keyStr = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";
def encode32(input0):
input1 = urllib.quote_plus(input0)
input1 += '\0'*((3-len(input1)%3)%3)
output = ''
i = 0
while 1:
chr1 = ord(input1[i])
chr2 = ord(input1[i+1])
chr3 = ord(input1[i+2])
i += 3
enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4)
enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6)
enc4 = chr3 & 63
if chr2==0:
enc3 = enc4 = 64
elif chr3==0:
enc4 = 64
output = output + keyStr[enc1] + keyStr[enc2] + keyStr[enc3] + keyStr[enc4]
if i >= len(input1):
break
return output
def encrypt1(string1, key):
return encode32(bin216(encrypt(string1, key)))
测试代码：（可以在pyton命令行里测试）
[plain] view plaincopy
[root@takit]# python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Jan 22 2014, 09:42:36)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import httphelper3
>>> httphelper3.set_todo('test')
set_todo(): test -
10.xxx.xxx.xxx <urllib3.poolmanager.ProxyManager object at 0x7f0b520b3050>
>>> httphelper3.clear_cookie('test')
>>> httphelper3.new_cookie('test','current_captcha_type','Z')
>>> ret, dynamic_key=httphelper3.get_dynamic_key('test',0)
get_dynamic_key(0)
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init get_dynamic_key_from_js(/otn/dynamicJs/lgotysx)
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/dynamicJs/lgotysx get_content() fail: var_name = url :'/otn/dynamicJs/
>>> dynamic_key
('MTE5NDIx', 'ZDUxMTRhODJkMjMzOTQyYQ%3D%3D')
好了，现在拿着这两个加密串，还有验证码打码结果，就可以高高兴兴的登录12306了。
ps. 话说回来，12306的js代码里还是留了一些梗的，哪天翻脸还会有变化的，不过套路大概差不多。如果12306有变化别埋怨是我贴了这篇文章导致的哦，这样太抬举我了。另外，你一定会问打码肿么办？答案只有一个：人工打码。你不会闲到自己打码吧？有很多打码平台可以......嘘～～～