请教大家一个关于 docker 网络的问题

背景介绍

现在有个物理机，IP 地址为 192.168.1.111

在物理机上面装了一个 docker ，并且创建了一个 container ，其 IP 地址为 192.168.49.2

问题说明

现在想在物理机和 docker container 里面均可以成功执行下述命令。目前只有物理机中可以正确执行。

curl -X GET https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/ -v

执行命令结果

物理机执行命令结果

#> curl -X GET https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/ -v
Note: Unnecessary use of -X or --request, GET is already inferred.
* Uses proxy env variable no_proxy == 'localhost,127.0.0.0/8,::1'
* Uses proxy env variable https_proxy == 'http://127.0.0.1:7890/'
*   Trying 127.0.0.1:7890...
* Connected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) port 7890
* CONNECT tunnel: HTTP/1.1 negotiated
* allocate connect buffer
* Establish HTTP proxy tunnel to registry-1.docker.io:443
> CONNECT registry-1.docker.io:443 HTTP/1.1
> Host: registry-1.docker.io:443
> User-Agent: curl/8.5.0
> Proxy-Connection: Keep-Alive
> 
< HTTP/1.1 200 Connection established
< 
* CONNECT phase completed
* CONNECT tunnel established, response 200
* ALPN: curl offers h2,http/1.1
* TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
*  CAfile: /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
*  CApath: /etc/ssl/certs
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Encrypted Extensions (8):
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, CERT verify (15):
* TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1):
* TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* SSL connection using TLSv1.3 / TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 / X25519 / RSASSA-PSS
* ALPN: server did not agree on a protocol. Uses default.
* Server certificate:
*  subject: CN=*.docker.com
*  start date: Mar  5 00:00:00 2025 GMT
*  expire date: Apr  3 23:59:59 2026 GMT
*  subjectAltName: host "registry-1.docker.io" matched cert's "*.docker.io"
*  issuer: C=US; O=Amazon; CN=Amazon RSA 2048 M03
*  SSL certificate verify ok.
*   Certificate level 0: Public key type RSA (2048/112 Bits/secBits), signed using sha256WithRSAEncryption
*   Certificate level 1: Public key type RSA (2048/112 Bits/secBits), signed using sha256WithRSAEncryption
*   Certificate level 2: Public key type RSA (2048/112 Bits/secBits), signed using sha256WithRSAEncryption
* using HTTP/1.x
> GET /v2/ HTTP/1.1
> Host: registry-1.docker.io
> User-Agent: curl/8.5.0
> Accept: */*
> 
< HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
< content-type: application/json
< docker-distribution-api-version: registry/2.0
< www-authenticate: Bearer realm="https://auth.docker.io/token",service="registry.docker.io"
< date: Sat, 05 Jul 2025 10:23:42 GMT
< content-length: 87
< strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000
< 
{"errors":[{"code":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"authentication required","detail":null}]}
* Connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intact

docker container 中执行命令结果

#> curl -X GET https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/ -v
Note: Unnecessary use of -X or --request, GET is already inferred.
*   Trying 154.85.102.30:443...
*   Trying 2600:1f18:2148:bc00:5cac:48a0:7f88:7266:443...
* Immediate connect fail for 2600:1f18:2148:bc00:5cac:48a0:7f88:7266: Network is unreachable
*   Trying 2600:1f18:2148:bc01:f43d:e203:cafd:8307:443...
* Immediate connect fail for 2600:1f18:2148:bc01:f43d:e203:cafd:8307: Network is unreachable
*   Trying 2600:1f18:2148:bc02:22:27bd:19a8:870c:443...
* Immediate connect fail for 2600:1f18:2148:bc02:22:27bd:19a8:870c: Network is unreachable
* connect to 154.85.102.30 port 443 failed: Connection timed out
* Failed to connect to registry-1.docker.io port 443 after 133144 ms: Connection timed out
* Closing connection 0
curl: (28) Failed to connect to registry-1.docker.io port 443 after 133144 ms: Connection timed out

物理机查询到的路由表

#> ip route   
default via 192.168.1.1 dev wlo1 proto dhcp src 192.168.1.111 metric 600 
172.17.0.0/16 dev docker0 proto kernel scope link src 172.17.0.1 linkdown 
192.168.1.0/24 dev wlo1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.111 metric 600 
192.168.49.0/24 dev br-9123093efaea proto kernel scope link src 192.168.49.1

Betsy

62 天前

**个人所做尝试**

修改物理机 docker.service 配置，添加 proxy

`/etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/proxy.conf`

```ini
[Service]
Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://localhost:7890/"
Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://localhost:7890/"
Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1"
```

```bash
#> curl -X GET https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/ -v # 在 docker container 中执行
Note: Unnecessary use of -X or --request, GET is already inferred.
* Trying 64.13.192.74:443...
* Trying 2a03:2880:f12c:83:face:b00c:0:25de:443...
* Immediate connect fail for 2a03:2880:f12c:83:face:b00c:0:25de: Network is unreachable
* connect to 64.13.192.74 port 443 failed: Connection timed out
* Failed to connect to registry-1.docker.io port 443 after 134931 ms: Connection timed out
* Closing connection 0
curl: (28) Failed to connect to registry-1.docker.io port 443 after 134931 ms: Connection timed out

```

修改 docker container 中的 proxy env

```bash
#> ping 192.168.1.111
PING 192.168.1.111 (192.168.1.111) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.111: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.109 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.111: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.111: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.088 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.111: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.070 ms
^C
--- 192.168.1.111 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3056ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.070/0.084/0.109/0.015 ms
```

```bash
#> export https_proxy=http://192.168.1.111:7890
#> curl -X GET https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/ -v
Note: Unnecessary use of -X or --request, GET is already inferred.
* Uses proxy env variable https_proxy == 'http://192.168.1.111:7890'
* Trying 192.168.1.111:7890...
* connect to 192.168.1.111 port 7890 failed: Connection refused
* Failed to connect to 192.168.1.111 port 7890 after 0 ms: Connection refused
* Closing connection 0
curl: (7) Failed to connect to 192.168.1.111 port 7890 after 0 ms: Connection refused
```