by-invitation(常见作 by invitation 或 by invitation only):凭邀请(函)才能参加的;仅限受邀者的。多用于活动、派对、展览、会议等场合,强调非公开、带筛选。
/ˌbaɪ ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/
The reception is by-invitation only.
招待会仅限受邀者参加。
Attendance at the preview was strictly by-invitation, which helped the organizers manage security and keep the event private.
预展严格实行凭邀请入场,这帮助主办方加强安保并保持活动的私密性。
由 by(通过、凭借)+ invitation(邀请)构成,字面意思是“凭邀请”。带连字符的 by-invitation 常用于作定语(如 a by-invitation event),强调一种入场或参与的“规则/门槛”。
该表达在文学中多以 “by invitation”(不一定带连字符)出现,常用于描写社交圈层与活动门槛,例如: